Role of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Healing of Femoral Bone Defect in Rat Model: Behavioral Psychomotor Performance, Oxidative-inflammatory Markers, Osteoblast Markers and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Growth Factors.

Document Type : Original Article

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1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

2 Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

Abstract

Background: Various techniques have been used to restore large bone abnormalities, but they have limitations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate into bone tissue and are a promising candidate for cell therapy. Aim: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat femoral bone defects in rats. Material and Methods: The study was carried out in the Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University. The study involved dividing 27 male rats into control, defect, and stem cell-treated groups. The rats' locomotor activity, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers [tumor necrosing factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL-6)], angiogenic markers, osteoblast markers [Osteopontin and transforming growth factor (TGF-β)], and bone healing were assessed through various tests and measurements (histologically and radiologically). Results: The stem cell-treated group exhibited significantly improved locomotor activity, levels of inflammatory markers, total antioxidant capacity, and osteoblast markers compared to the defect group. Histological and radiological assessments indicated improvements in the stem cell-treated group. Conclusion: bone marrow-derived MSCs can enhance experimental bone healing by modulating oxidative stress, and inflammatory and angiogenic markers leading to improved locomotor parameters.
 

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